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Wave Optics is a branch of physics in which we study about the behaviour of light as wave. Starting with some simple concept and just over viewing of chapter. This notes are handwritten by the best teacher of physics and based on NCERT. THE FULL CHAPTER NOTES ARE IN PDF BELOW 1. Wave Nature of Light: Huygen’s Theory There are some phenomena like interference, diffraction and polarisation which could not be explained by Newton’s corpuscular theory. These were explained by wave theory first proposed by Huygen. The assumptions of Huygen’s wave theory are: (i) A source sends waves in all possible directions. The locus of particles of a medium vibrating in the same phase is called a wavefront. For a point source, the wavefront is spherical; while for a line source the wavefront is cylindrical. A distant wavefront is plane. (ii) Each point of a wavefront acts as a source of secondary wavelets. The envelope of all wavelets at a given instant gives the position of a new wavefront. 2. Wavefr...

 CH- 'Solution'  NCERT Textbook Questio ns           formula's  NCERT Textbook Questio ns NCERT Intext Questions Q. 1.  Calculate the mass percentage of benzene (C6H6) and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) if 22 g of benzene is dissolved in 122 g of carbon tetrachloride. Q. 2. Calculate the mole fraction of benzene in solution containing 30% by mass in carbon tetrachloride? Q. 3. Calculate the molarity of each of the following solutions: (a) 30 g of Co(NO3)2. 6H2O in 4.3 L of solution (b) 30 mL of 0.5 M H2SO4 diluted to 500 mL Q. 4. Calculate the mass of urea (NH2CONH2) required in making 2.5 kg of 0.25 molal aqueous solution. Ans. Mass of required aqueous solution = 2.5 kg = 2500 g 0.25 molal aqueous solution of urea means 0.25 mole of urea is dissolved in 1000 grams of water. Mass of water = 1000 g Moles of urea = 0.25 mol Molar mass of urea (H2NCONH2) = 4 × 1 + 2 × 14 + 1 × 12 + 1 × 16 = 60 g mol–1 Mass of urea = Number of moles of urea × M...

The Solid State Chapter–1   NCE RT Textbook Questions NCERT Intext Questions Q. 1. Why are solids rigid? Ans. In solids, the constituent particles (atoms or molecules or ions) are not free to move but can only oscillate about their mean positions due to strong interatomic or intermolecular or interionic forces. This imparts rigidity. Q. 2. Why do solids have a definite volume? Ans. The constituent particles in solids are bound to their mean positions by strong forces of attraction. The interparticle distances remain unchanged at a given temperature and thus solids have a definite volume. Q. 3. Classify the following as amorphous or crystalline solids: Polyurethane, naphthalene, benzoic acid, teflon, potassium nitrate, cellophane, polyvinyl chloride, fibre glass, copper. Ans. Amorphous solids: Polyurethane, teflon, cellophane, polyvinyl chloride and fibre glass. Crystalline solids: Naphthalene, benzoic acid, potassium nitrate and copper. Q. 4. Why is glass considered a super cooled...

                                        MAIN POINTS OF THE POEM                                         ( _A thing Of Beauty_) 1. T he poet says that a thing of beauty is a joy for ever. it never passes into nothingness. Its loveliness increase day after day as we watch it. 2. A thing of beauty is like a quiet bower where we can enjoy a sweet filled with lovely dreams. It can give us a he alth of body and peace of the mind. 3. The poet says that a beautiful thing is a kind of flowery band that binds us to this earth which is otherwise full of grief and sadness. 4. The poet lists some of the unhappy things about human life on the earth. Man always remains depressed at heart. there is a great lack of truely noble souls. Man passes a...